Gustavo Martin, «Procedural Register in the Olivet Discourse: A Functional Linguistic Approach to Mark 13», Vol. 90 (2009) 457-483
I will rely on insights from Halliday’s register theory to explain the Markan Jesus’ use of a functional variety of language I call procedural register. The identification of procedural register in the main section of the Olivet Discourse (vv. 5b-23) will be shown to reveal the rhetorical design of the discourse within a first temporal horizon, of direct relevance for the audience and addressing the disciples’ question (v. 4). The absence of procedural register in vv. 24-27 indicates the opening of a second horizon in the speech, lacking immediate impact for the audience and no longer addressing the disciples’ question.
460 Gustavo Martin
not exactly match any of the usual categories, and a fresh look at the
language, structure and possible functions of the speech may be
required.
Linguistically oriented monographs and articles have not, thus far,
contributed any significant new insights into how the linguistic choices
Mark has made in his composition can be seen to be addressing
concrete rhetorical (i.e. addressable by means of language) needs of his
community. In his two essays on Mark mentioned above, Longacre
suggests a narrative template that is applicable to Mark’s gospel as a
whole, as well as certain criteria for determining the peaks, or
grounding scheme of the narrative. Unfortunately, Longacre excluded
Mark 13 from the scope of his analysis. Paul Danove’s most valuable
contribution to a linguistic analysis of Mark 13 is found, I would argue,
in a 2003 article and in a chapter of his 2001 monograph (17). In his
Biblica article, Danove contributes a fundamental insight to the
ongoing discussion of the role of the Son of Man in Mark’s narrative
and shows how Mark deploys a rhetoric of repetition to progressively
reaffirm (“sophisticating rhetorical strategyâ€) or contradict (“decon-
structive rhetorical strategyâ€) existing beliefs. Danove concludes that,
contrary to previous beliefs of his readers, Mark’s narrative rhetoric
foregrounds the Son of Man’s progressive characterization as
suffering, dying, rising and coming again.
Though, as Porter himself admits, his essay is merely program-
matic and suggestive, Stanley Porter’s application of register to Mark’s
gospel (18) points the way forward with some useful examples of how
Hallidayan register theory may shed light on some much debated
issues in Markan studies, including Mark’s rhetorical agenda. For
Porter, the concept of register represents a valid, complementary ally to
traditional criticism in the quest for the recovery of the context of
situation that called forth the text. However, it seems to me more
concrete results will be obtained from the analysis of a specific section
of the gospel such as the Olivet Discourse episode, since it seems clear
(17) P.L. DANOVE, “The Rhetoric of the Characterization of Jesus as the Son of
Man and Christ in Markâ€, Bib 84 (2003) 16-34, esp. 23-25 on the Son of Man; ID.,
“Contribution of the Method to Narrative Analysisâ€, Linguistics and Exegesis,
120-139. An earlier version of this chapter appeared as “The Narrative Function of
Mark’s Characterization of Godâ€, NT 43 (2001) 12-31.
(18) S.E. PORTER, “Register in the Greek of the New Testament: Application
with Reference to Mark’s Gospelâ€, Rethinking Contexts, Rereading Texts.
Contributions from the Social Sciences to Biblical Interpretation (ed. M.D.
CARROLL R.) (JSOTSS 299; Sheffield 2000) 209-229.