James Swetnam, «The Context Of The Crux At Hebrews 5,7-8», Vol. 14 (2001) 101-120
An article in Biblica
by the present author outlined a proposed solution for the crux at Heb
5,7-8. The present article will attempt to put this proposed solution
in the general and particular context of the structure of the first six
chapters of the epistle. This contextualization should help indicate the
intention of the author of Hebrews and thus clarify and further commend
the proposed solution. The structure on which this contextualization is
based is, like the solution to the crux at Heb 5,7-8, a suggestion, to be
judged on the intrinsic merits or lack thereof of the arguments adduced.
James Swetnam
118
Here the unique saving effect of the lovgo~ is apparent. Just as the structure
of Heb 3,7 – 6,20 indicates that the lovgo~ is uniquely qualified to effect a
definitive entrance of God’s people into God’s rest, so the structure indicates
that the lovgo~ is uniquely qualified to create the people who are to enter 76.
The author of Hebrews mentions at Heb 5,9 that the Christ who has
been brought to ‘perfection’ has become ‘cause of salvation without end’
(aitio~ swthriva~ aijwnivou) for all who obey Him. Because of this use of
[
swthria at Heb 5,9 in the context of the Christian tôdâ, it is possible to
v
ascertain at what point this ‘message of salvation’ had its ‘beginning of
being spoken’ (Heb 2,3): at the institution of the Christian tôdâ by Jesus.
And because of the context of the Christian tôdâ it is also possible to ascer-
tain what the author of Hebrews means by ‘obeying’ (uJpakouvw) Jesus,
whose command to His followers was ‘Do this in memory of me’. And
because the comparison with Melchizedek occurs in the context of the
Christian tôdâ it is also possible to ascertain the relevance of the Christian
tôdâ for the definitive fulfillment of the promise of a progeny which, like
Melchizedek, is without father, without mother, without genealogy, with-
out beginning, without end: Eucharist generates God’s People 77.
III. Summary and Conclusions
The present article was occasioned by a previous article which offered
a tentative solution to the classic crux at Heb 5,7-8. That article, by rigid
adherence to the syntax and vocabulary of the verses, supplied an initial
interpretation which viewed Christ as begging to die. Then the coinci-
dence of vocabulary between the verses of the crux and Ps 22 led to a sug-
gestion about a Sitz im Leben for this interpretation in the gospel por-
trayal of Jesus: that Jesus begged to die by reciting the opening verses of
Ps 22 on the cross and thereby freely accepting death when onlookers
thought he would share their expectations that he could possibly still be
saved. An analysis of Ps 22 in the light of the tôdâ suggested how Jesus
could ‘learn’ obedience from His sufferings freely accepted, just as did the
one suffering in the psalm.
The present article seeks to understand the background of the sug-
gested solution to the crux at Heb 5,7-8 by attempting to place it in its
context in Hebrews. By interpreting the verses immediately previous to
76
Cf. the use of the word teleiovw at Heb 10,1, where by implication, since the law
of the old dispensation could not ‘perfect’ those ‘approaching’ (prosevrcomai) cultical-
ly, the new Law can.
77
Cf. the implications of the use of teleiovw and prosevrcomai in Heb 10,1 (above,
n. 72) with regard to the Christians who approach the risen Christ in the Christian tôdâ.
There is much more to be said about the Christian tôdâ in Hebrews than has been said
in the present article, but this will have to await separate treatment..