Timo Flink, «Son and Chosen. A Text-critical Study of John 1,34.», Vol. 18 (2005) 85-109
John 1,34 contains a perennial textual problem. Is Jesus depicted as the
Son of God, the Chosen One of God, or something else? Previous studies
have not been able to solve this problem satisfactorily to all textual critics.
This study is a new attempt to resolve it by using a recently noted singular
reading in P75*. I argue that this reading changes the transcriptional probabilities.
It is lectio difficilior from which all other variant readings derive
due second century scribal habits. John 1,34 should read "The Chosen Son".
This affects the Johannine theology. This new reading has implications for
how to deal with some singular readings elsewhere.
102 Timo Flink
)
P66 P75 Ws f1 f13 Byz
B C b e Θ
24/34 23/34 22/34 11/18 21/34 22/34 20/34 18/34 19/34 22/34 14/34 18/34
71% 68% 65% 61% 62% 65% 59% 53% 56% 65% 41% 53%
When singular readings in P106 are removed from the comparison, the
results look like this:
)
P66 P75 Ws f1 f13 Byz
B C b e Θ
24/30 23/30 22/30 11/17 21/30 22/30 20/30 18/30 19/30 22/30 14/30 18/30
80% 77% 73% 65% 70% 73% 67% 60% 63% 73% 47% 60%
This study demonstrates that P106 is closest to the early B-text rep-
resentatives P66 and P75. The affinities with ) are not as common. This
papyrus is not a representative of the A-, C- or D-text for the portion of
the text it contains. It is a witness to the early B-text (Alexandrian). This
has repercussions for the textual variant in John 1,34 (see below).
Evaluation of Variant Readings
The number of different textual variants now amounts to eight for
John 1,34. The external evidence can be listed as follows (excluding P5
and dividing P75 with its original and corrected reading):
P66 P75c )2 A B C L Ws ∆ Θ Ψ 083
(1) υ ς το θεο
0141 0233vid f1 f13 Byz 33 579 732c
1071 1424 pm aur c f l g r1 vg
syrp,h,pal-mss copbo arm eth geo slav
Origen Asterius Chrysostom Cyril
John-Damascus, Augustine3/4
P106vid )* 77 187 218 228 1784 b e
(2) κλεκτ ς το θεο
ff2* syrs,c Ambrose Augustine1/4
43
a bc ff2c vgmss syrpal-mss copsa
(3) υ ς κλεκτ ς το θεο
P75*
(4) υ ς κλεκτ ς
(5) χÏιστ Ï‚ Ï… Ï‚ το θεο 2680
syrpal-ms
(6) μονογεν ς υ ς το θεο
732*
(7) omit τι … το θεου
(8) omit v. 34 altogether 2718
43
There are some variations within the Latin witnesses: electus filius dei (a), dei filius
electus (bc), filius electus dei (ff2c). The word order is not an issue, since it derives from the
translation process. So D.C. Parker, The Living Text of the Gospels (Cambridge 1997) 15.