Jody A. Barnard, «Is Verbal Aspect a Prominence Indicator? An Evaluation of Stanley Porter’s Proposal with Special Reference to the Gospel of Luke.», Vol. 19 (2006) 3-29
The purpose of this article is to evaluate Stanley Porter’s theory of
aspectual prominence. According to Porter the three verbal aspects of the
Greek language (perfective, imperfective and stative) operate at a discourse
level to indicate prominence (background, foreground and frontground). This
theory will be tested against the points of emphasis and climactic junctures
evident in a selection of Luke’s miracle and pronouncement stories.
16 Jody A. Barnard
Marshall has offered an alternative analysis and suggests that: “the
emphasis is not on the miracle ... but on the resultsâ€49. In view of the
absence of an actual description of the miracle this makes good sense of
the passage. Indeed, if the results had not been recorded, there would be
little, if any, indication that a miracle had taken place at all. However,
this places the climactic point of the story at v. 17, which is reported
entirely with aorist tense forms.
Healing a possessed boy (9,37-43)
This pericope is widely recognised as a miracle story in form50, indi-
cating that the main point of the story is the effortless exorcism of v. 42b.
This is confirmed by Luke’s plot-line, which, after the initial situation
has been documented (v. 37), takes great care to build the tension of the
complicating action (vv. 38-42a)51. Assuming Mark was one of Luke’s
sources, he has omitted the dialogue between Jesus and the boy’s father
thereby concentrating attention on the miracle of Jesus rather than the
lesson about faith (cf. Mk 9,21-24). Thus, the rebuke of the spirit, the
healing of the boy, and safe return to his father, stands as the climactic
point of the story.
Although Klutz would agree that the severity of the boy’s condition
elevates the importance of the exorcism, surprisingly, he concludes that
none of the aorists are “particularly noteworthy ... they provide a back-
ground against which other forms and processes are allowed to stand out
and be seen as more prominentâ€52. Although some of the verbs could be
construed as illustrative of Porter’s proposal, Klutz’ fails to appreciate the
fact that the entire climactic resolution is reported in aorist tense forms
(á¼Ï€ÎµÏ„ίμησεν ... ἰάσατο ... ἀπέδωκεν), v. 42b.
Healing a blind beggar (18,35-43)
Although the miracle stories in Luke’s journey narrative (9,51 - 19,44)
tend to be incidental rather than central, this particular pericope seems
to be an exception since there is no accompanying teaching or climactic
pronouncement. Verses 35-39 introduce the scene and create a sense of
anticipation with the detail that, at first, the blind man was rebuked. This
introductory material, however, contains ten imperfective verbs compa-
red with only three in vv. 40-43. It seems unlikely that the imperfective
aspect is indicating prominence for all these actions since this would
Marshall, Luke, 363.
49
Bultmann, History, 211; Marshall, Luke, 389; Bock, Luke, 1:879.
50
See Klutz, Exorcism, 155-58.
51
Ibid., 172.
52