46 Adelbert Denaux 1.1.4. Dialogue in the sense that an author anticipates the objections of his readers and provides them with solutions in advance. 1.2 Cohesion (unity) is attained by the following means: 1.2.1. The thematic unity within a pericope or chapter; 1.2.2. The unfolding nature of a sequence; 1.2.3. Situational markers on the microlevel as here, now, there, as well as referential markers including personal pronouns, relative pronouns and so on. 2. The microlevel of rhetorical structure: 2.1. Repetition: may involve almost any unit of discourse from sounds to series of propositions; they are classified in terms of sounds, grammatical constructions, lexical units and propositions. 2.2. Omission: two types: omissions that can readily be supplied from the context, and those which cannot. 2.3. Shifts in expectancies account for some of the more effective rhetorical features. The shift may be on the level of word order, of sentence structure or of lexical meaning. 2.4. Compactness involves packing the maximum amount of meaning into the fewest possible words. It is typical of discourse formulae and credal formulations. 3. The (semiotic) meanings of rhetorical structures 3.1. The interrelationship of parts of the text (cohesion); 3.2. The relationship of a text to the participants in communication (traditionally called the functions of a communication: informative, emotive, performative and the rest) 3.3. The relationship of the text to the setting in terms of time and place; 3.4. The relationship of the text to the real world; 3.5. The relationship of the text to other, similar texts. Level 2 (microlevel of rhetorical structure) is further elaborated in Snyman and Cronjé65. Cronjé puts 2.3 in a larger framework of what he calls “defamiliarization” (or “estrangement”, “alienation”, “foregrounding”), i.e. “the reader‘s attention is captivated by the unfamiliar way a familiar subject is presented” and summarises it as follows66: A.H. Snyman & J.V.W. Cronjé, “Toward a New Classification of the Figure (ΣΧΗΜΑΤΑ) 65 in the Greek New Testament”, NTS 32 (1986) 113-21. J.V.W. Cronjé, “Defamiliarization in the Letter to the Galatians”, in J.H. Petzer & P.J. 66 Hartin, A South African Perspective in the New Testament. FS B.M. Metzger (Leiden 1986) 214-27.