Peter Dubovský, «Tiglath-pileser III’s Campaigns in 734-732 B.C.: Historical Background of Isa 7; 2 Kgs 15–16 and 2 Chr 27–28», Vol. 87 (2006) 153-170
The aim of this article is to investigate Tiglath-pileser III’s campaigns against the
Levant in 734-732 B.C. The campaigns can be divided into three phases. In the
first phase, the Assyrians conquered Tyre and the coast. In the second phase, they
defeated Syrian troops in battle, conquered Transjordan and made a surprise
attack on the Arabian tribes. In the last phase, they conquered Damascus, Galilee
and Gezer. In the second part of this article, the author investigates the logistics
of these campaigns and at the end the author evaluated the consequences of the
Assyrian invasion in terms of human and material losses and the administrative
reorganization of the region.
168 Peter Dubovsk´
y
basis (53) The defeat of the Arabian queen Samsi resulted in his
appointing an Assyrian inspector in her territory backed by a regiment
of 10,000 soldiers (Summ. 4:26; 7:2’; 9:22). Tax collectors were
another reminder of the Assyrian presence. ND 2064 mentions taxes
collected from Ekron and Gaza, SAA I 220 corn taxes from Samaria,
and letters ND 2430, 2715, 2716, 2773 mention collecting taxes in
Phoenicia. Finally, Assyrian officials visited the vassal cities and
reported on the situation in the annexed territories. Thus, letter ND
2417 mentions an Assyrian official visiting Samaria.
*
**
This review of the aftermaths of Tiglath-pileser III’s campaigns
indicates that the Assyrians used several means to keep the territory
under their control. The destruction of the cities, heavy tributes, and
pillaging of entire regions economically debilitated the region. Even
though the numbers of deportees are imprecise, Tiglath-pileser III’s
massive deportation of the local inhabitants and their substitution with
exiles from another parts of the Empire weakened local resistance.
Finally, the administrative reorganization strengthened Assyrian
control and kept the royal court in Nineveh informed about the most
recent developments in the Levant on a regular basis. Thus, the
combination of sophisticated logistics with good administration was
one of the prerequisites of successful Assyrian control of the Levant.
Pontifical Biblical Institute Peter DUBOVSKY
Via della Pilotta, 25
00187 Rome
SUMMARY
The aim of this article is to investigate Tiglath-pileser III’s campaigns against the
Levant in 734-732 B.C. The campaigns can be divided into three phases. In the
first phase, the Assyrians conquered Tyre and the coast. In the second phase, they
defeated Syrian troops in battle, conquered Transjordan and made a surprise
attack on the Arabian tribes. In the last phase, they conquered Damascus, Galilee
and Gezer. In the second part of this article, the author investigates the logistics
of these campaigns and at the end the author evaluated the consequences of the
Assyrian invasion in terms of human and material losses and the administrative
reorganization of the region.
(53) For other cases of collecting information from occupied territories in the
Levant see ND 2662, 2686, 2773, and 2716.