Thomas B. Slater, «Translating a#gioj in Col 1,2 and Eph 1,1», Vol. 87 (2006) 52-54
The preceding study has demonstrated that from grammatical, linguistic,
theological and literary perspectives, the best translation of a#gioj in Col 1,2 and
Eph 1,1 is as an adjective.
Translating a{gio" in Col 1,2 and Eph 1,1(*)
Col 1,2 (toi'" ejn Kolossai'" aJgivoi" kai; pistoi'" ajdelfoi'") and Eph 1,1 (toi'"
agioi" toi'" ou\sin [ejn ∆Efevsw/] kai; pistoi'") present problems of translation and
jv
interpretation. For many, the Greek is simply unclear in Ephesians. The
purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the Greek in both passages is clear
and that sound translations of both are possible (1). The main issue is how to
translate a{gio" and pistov" in these passages.
*
**
In keeping with its usage in other letters attributed to Paul, translators
usually render a{gio" and its various forms as a noun, “saint(s)†(see Rom 1,7;
1 Cor 1,2; 2 Cor 1,1; Phil 1,1; 1 Thess 1,1 and Gal 1,2) (2), while translating
pisto" as an adjective, “faithfulâ€. Scholars have assumed that both passages
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in these disputed letters should be read as if Paul did indeed write them. This
is particularly noteworthy since persons who do not assume Pauline
authorship in one or both letters (3) and those who do (4) make this same
assumption without question. Those who do not affirm Pauline authorship
should have sought the various ways the passages could be translated and
those who do should have asked if Paul has used the term as he does
normally. Neither has done so.
In actuality, both a{gio" and pistov" are adjectives. Moule recognized this
and translated Col 1,2 by rendering a{gio" as “dedicatedâ€; pistov", “loyal†(5).
This is preferable since it consistently translates both adjectives as adjectives,
correctly seeing these words as descriptions of the brothers. I agree with
Moule with regard to Colossians and I believe the same applies to the passage
in Ephesians: the best and most sensible way to translate the two words would
be as adjectives. That would provide the following reading (or something
similar): “to those [in Ephesus] who are holy and faithfulâ€.
These renderings are best for at least four reasons. First and foremost, they
are grammatically sound. In Col 1,2, the definite article, the noun and the
(*) For St. Mary’s C. M. E. Church, Elberton, GA.
(1) For the purposes of this study, I shall set aside the question of whether or not en
Epheso is original or an addition to Eph 1,1.
(2) In these passages from undisputed letters of Paul, “saints†is probably the best
rendering of the Greek and its meaning within these contexts; however, the authorship of
Ephesians is disputed and one should not take for granted that such a translation in
Ephesians is correct, regardless of the author.
(3) E.g., A.T. LINCOLN – A.J.M. WEDDERBURN, The Theology of the Later Pauline
Letters (NTT; Cambridge 1993) 83-86.
(4) E.g., F.F. BRUCE, The Epistles to the Colossians, Philemon, and to the Ephesians
(NICNT; Grand Rapids 1984) 229-33.
(5) C.F.D. MOULE, The Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon (CGTC; Cambridge
UK) 45-46. Best has attempted to find a similar balance and consistency by translating
a{gio" and pistov" as nouns in Eph 1,1, “saints†and “believers†(E. BEST, Ephesians. A
Shorter Commentary [Edinburgh, UK 2003] 1-6).