369 ON JESUS’ LAST SUPPER the trial before a powerless Sanhedrin in the middle of the feast; the release of Barabbas after the Passover meal, whereas he should have been able to take part in it (m.Pes 8 :6) ; Simon of Cyrene returning from working in the fields during the feast (Luke 23,26), and so on. The strange features of the Eucharistic institution have been alluded to above 49. Prominent among them is the single cup of wine for all, as this cannot be compared with the four cups prescribed by Rabbinic tradition for the Passover meal (m.Pes 10 :1) : moreover, it is expounded (b.Pes 109a) that the festival was to be celebrated by eating meat (Deut 12,18) when the Temple was extant, but after its destruction wine was to be used instead (see Judg 9,13). In any case, the most ancient tradition is certainly the one given in 1 Cor 11,23, where it is written: “The Lord Jesus, on the night when he was delivered”. The same wording is found in the ancient canonical-liturgical texts (Apostolic Constitutions 8 :12 ; Hippolytus of Rome, Apostolic Tradition, § 8). These texts are remarkable for the fact that they do not mention Passover, neither do they state that this occurred the day before his death. These issues obviously require further studies. École Biblique Étienne NODET POB 19053 Jerusalem – IL SUMMARY In the Gospels, Jesus’ last supper involves custom and legal issues: chronological discrepancies between the Synoptics and John, a mock trial before the Sanhedrin, two trials before Pilate (John), and so on. This study focuses on the calendar problem, a topic of utmost importance in ancient Judaism, and follows A. Jaubert’s hypothesis, against J. Jeremias’ now classical view: the Synoptics display a somewhat loose connection with the Jubilees sectarian calendar, while John’s chronology seems to be historically more accurate. precedence of the Synoptics, have tended to use ad hoc arguments, and the main result has been to underline the problems, see S. LÉGASSE, Le procès de Jésus. La Passion dans les quatre évangiles (LD 3; Paris 1995). See J. MANN, “Rabbinic Studies in the Synoptic Gospels”, HUCA 1 49 (1924) 339-351.