30 Sam Creve, Mark Janse, Kristoffel Demoen or the meaning, has taken priority. On a theoretical level, the best way to describe the attitude of translations on this point, is to situate them on a scale between two hypothetical extremes: concordant translation (priority of form) and interpretative translation (priority of meaning). This insight was confirmed later on by the detailed study of the trans- lation of πνεῦμα and σάρξ. The positioning of a translation on this scale is probably a matter of an initial choice made by the translator(s) with respect to the intended audience. This question, however, has not been pursued in this study. The πνεῦμα and σάρξ investigation has revealed another important factor that influences the concordance in the translation of source terms, namely the meaning of a traditional target term for the target language reader. The traditional representation of πνεῦμα in English, “spirit” or “Spirit”, appears to be considered an appropriate translation in almost all contexts where πνεῦμα occurs, whereas “flesh”, the traditionally cor- responding target term for σάρξ, is avoided in several contexts by some recent translations, either for reasons of clarity or for the connotations which this word has. As a consequence, a tendency to concordant or interpretative translation is not only a translator’s choice, but can be influenced by the target language and its traditions as well. Bibliography: reference works not cited in the footnotes Bible W. Bauer, Griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments und der frühchristlichen Literatur (Berlin - New York 19886). Centre: Informatique et Bible – Abbaye de Maredsous, Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de la Bible (Turnhout 20023). F. W. Danker, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and other Early Christian Literature (Chicago - London 20003). J. D. G. Dunn, The Cambridge Companion to St. Paul (Cambridge 2003). J. A. Emerton e.a. (eds.), International Critical Commentary ‘London - New York 200310). D. N. Freedman (ed.), The Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York 1992). R. W. Funk, A Greek Grammar of the New testament and other Early Chrstian Literature (Chicago 19673).