96 siGuRD GRinDheim another term that is closely related to faith and trust, is “to wait” (hwqÈ hkxÈ lxy), both in a secular and a religious sense. in the religious sense, to wait for the lord implies to place one’s hope in him (Gen 49,18; 2 Kgs 6,33; pss 25,3; 31,25; 33,20.22; isa 8,17; 40,31; 51,5; hab 2,3; lam 3,24; etc.). in isaiah’s first servant song, the coastlands are said to “wait for his teaching” (isa 42,4). this teaching must be understood as the word of God, so that the point here ultimately is to wait for God. the picture we find in the literature of second temple Judaism is similar to that of the scriptures 34. in a religious sense, the emphasis on having trust in God is equally strong 35, but the importance of also believing his words becomes more pronounced. philo observes that abraham believed in the divine oracles (Her. 287; cf. Jub. 14,21), and moses believed what God communicated to him (Plant. 62; Mos. 1.83). to believe what God says is the duty of human beings (Abr. 275; cf. L.A.B. 15,6). in 2 Baruch, the idea of a coming judgment is the object of faith (57,2; cf. 59,2). since the faithful “believe that the law was established by God” (4 Macc. 5,25), they may also be said to believe in the law (sir 32,24 lXX; cf. sir 33,3 lXX; 4 Ezra 7,24; 2 Bar. 54,5; Sib. Or. 3,284), in the scriptures (1 En. 104,13), or in the covenants (4 Ezra 3,32; 5,29; 7,83). they also believe in the resurrec- tion (4 Macc. 7,19). as the place of God’s presence, the temple is the object of faith in 2 macc 3,12. the wilderness generation should have believed in God’s wonders (L.A.B. 25,6). in the Dead sea scrolls, the community placed their faith in God’s word (4Q379 f18,7) and his deeds (1Qs 4,3-4). the condemned do not believe in the spring of life (1Qha 16,14), in the covenant of God (1Qphab 2,4), or his precepts 34 For a thorough discussion, see D.R. linDsaY, Josephus and Faith. Pi,stij and Pisteu,ein as Faith terminology in the Writings of Flavius Josephus and in the new testament (aGJu 19; leiden 1993) 21-164; YeunG, Faith, 141-167. 35 Jdt 14,10; Wis 12,2; 16,26; sir 2,6.8; 11,21; 32,24; 3 Macc. 2,7; 4 Macc. 7,21; 15,24; 16,22; 4 Ezra 8,30; 13,23; Jub. 14,6; 20,9; Pss. Sol. 5,11.14; 9,10; 15,1; 17,3.34.39; Jos. Asen. 12,13; 15,7; L.A.B. 6,9; 23,5-6.12; 31,7; 39,6; 50,5; L.A.E. 29,9; Hist. Rech. 11,2; 1 En. 43,4; 69,25; 2 Bar. 48,22; 77,7; T. Dan 5,13; T. Job 11,11; 37,1-5; Arist. 261; Sib. Or. 1,352; 5,284; Apoc. Ab. 29,11; Ps. 155,20; philo, Leg. 2,89; 3.228.229; Mut. 166, 177, 186, 218; Abr. 262, 269; Virt. 216, 218; Migr. 43, 44; Her. 90, 92-93, 99; Deus 4; Mos. 1,225.284; 2,259; Praem. 27, 28; Josephus, Ant. 2,117.333; 3,44.309; 4,5. cf. Bultmann, “pisteu,w ktl”, Vi, 200. in the eschatological judgment, those who are condemned suffer this fate because they did not believe in God (1 En. 63,7-8; 67,8, cf. Jos. Asen. 21,15-16; L.A.B. 14,4; 33,5; philo, Sacr. 70).