Jerry A. Gladson, «Postmodernism and the Deus absconditus in Lamentations 3», Vol. 91 (2010) 321-334
Lamentations reflects the silence of God. God seemingly does not act or speak. To some, this detachment represents an absence of God; to others, a «hiddenness» of God (Deus absconditus). Analysis of Lam 3,55-57, the crux interpretum for the divine silence, suggests the q strophe may break this oppressive silence. The strophe reflects an awareness of God who speaks. God stands in the background of the whole of life for this poet, emerging only fleetingly and in ways oblique. This perspective is similar to the ambiguous, indeterminate approach to reality in postmodernism. The divine Voice thus joins other voices in Lamentations.
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POSTMODERNISM DEUS
AND THE ABSCONDITUS
involves certain phenomena that carry us to the thought of the tran-
scendent 50. We are “thrown†beyond ourselves (Heidegger), beyond
hyperbole to the transcendent. Something in our experience (im-
manence) suggests something beyond our experience (transcend-
ence), something “asymmetrical†to finitude in the middle of
finitude. These excessive happenings become signs that point be-
yond us to ultimacy.
While Lamentations is certainly not postmodern in the broadest
sense, something like Desmond’s ideation is going on when the poet
of the third poem dares break the silence of God in the book. Why
the book seems so reticent to “voice†the divine is a mystery.
Perhaps this reticence is rooted in the poet’s fear of the divine,
particularly since the distress of Jerusalem is attributed to YHWH’s
excessive anger (2,20-22). Perhaps this same Kierkegaardian “fear
and trembling†of the Numinous furthermore inclined the poet to
avoid too familiar mention of the divine, in keeping with other post-
exilic Jewish literature. Nevertheless, the poet in 3,57 interrupts the
interplay of silence / presence by offering a divine word in direct
speech, however elusive or metaphorical this speech may be.
In sum, Lamentations is often thought to reflect the silence of
God. Although the five poems making up the book mention YHWH
numerous times, God seemingly does not act or speak within the
poetry. Contextual, literary, grammatical, and form critical analysis
of Lam 3,55-57, the crux interpretum for the silence of God in the
book, compel consideration that the q strophe from the long, triple
acrostic third poem may intend to break this oppressive silence,
representing the divine Voice as saying, “Do not fearâ€. The strophe
may reflect, in other words, the poet’s past or present experience
after the fall of the city, an awareness of the Divine Presence who
in absence speaks a word of assurance. For these poets in
Lamentations, God still stands in the background of the whole of
life, emerging only fleetingly and even then in ways oblique. To the
skeptical, this detachment may be interpreted as the absence, or
even non-existence of God; to the person of faith, as the
The term “transcendent†is ambiguous. Does it mean spatial, temporal,
50
axiological, or ontological transcendence? In Desmond’s thought, it seems to
denote an axiological or ontological transcendence. Cf. W. POWER, “ Notion of
Transcendence and the Problem of Discourse about Godâ€, JAAR 43 (1975)
535-538).