Terrance Callan, «Reading the Earliest Copies of 2 Peter», Vol. 93 (2012) 427-450
An examination of the three earliest extant copies of 2 Peter (namely those found in Papyrus 72, Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus) is made in order to determine how the meaning of 2 Peter is affected by differences among the three copies, especially the textual variations among them. These textual variations produce significantly different understandings of Jesus in the three copies of 2 Peter, as well as other less prominent differences in meaning.
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430 TERRANCE CALLAN
not a biblical codex. As the name suggests, the Bodmer Miscellaneous
Codex contains a miscellany of eleven writings, probably written by
four different scribes, bound together in the following order:
Nativity of Mary
3 Corinthians
11th Ode of Solomon
Jude
Melito, Homily on the Passover
Fragment of a liturgical hymn
Apology of Phileas
LXX Psalms 33,2–34,16
1-2 Peter
Readers of this early copy of 2 Peter would not have been in-
formed by the codex in which they found it that they were reading
part of the Bible. They may have known in other ways that this text
was an authoritative writing for the Christian church, but they read
it in an anthology of various writings. Some of them are biblical writ-
ings (Jude, Psalms 33,2–34,16, 1-2 Peter), but others are not.
1. The Work of the Scribe
P72 is the name given to the texts of Jude, 1 and 2 Peter that are
part of this codex. All were written by the same scribe. This scribe
was much less skilled than the scribes who wrote the other early
copies of 2 Peter we are considering. Someone who recognized the
scribe’s many errors would have received the impression that the
writer of 2 Peter was not highly literate in Greek. I count 131
itacisms and other errors based on replacing a letter or letters with
similar sounding letters 8.
There are also cases of simple misspellings, where a single letter
is used in place of a double letter (Gomoraj 2,6; erusato 2,7; fu-
)
lasesqai 3,17) or a double letter used in place of a single letter
(mallista 2,10; Ballaam 2,15; a)sselgia 2,8.18). Three times
a j is added to the end of a word (epeiqumeiaj 2,10; sunestwshj
8
See IV. Appendix A. These and other scribal errors have been catalogued
by M. TESTUZ (ed.), Papyrus Bodmer VII – IX (Geneva 1959) 29-34; S. KUBO,
P 72 and the Codex Vaticanus (SD 27; Salt Lake City, UT 1965) 8-30; ROYSE,
Scribal Habits, 545-614.