Juraj Feník - Róbert Lapko, «Annunciations to Mary in Luke 1–2», Vol. 96 (2015) 498-524
In addition to the scene conventionally known as "the Annunciation" (Luke 1,26-38), three other texts in the infancy narrative qualify to be classed as such. This article proposes an understanding of 2,8-20; 2,22- 35; 2,41-52 as annunciation pericopes by highlighting the fact that other characters, namely, the shepherds, Simeon, and Jesus function as messengers communicating to Mary further information about her son. It identifies the messenger, the act of speaking, the message, and the reference to Jesus' mother in each of the four scenes. Luke's infancy narrative, so the argument runs, contains four annunciation scenes in which a progressive revelation about Jesus addressed to his mother takes place.
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521 ANNUNCIATIONS TO MARY IN LUKE 1–2 521
Jesus’] history as charted by the divine will” 45, as Dillon has fit-
tingly phrased it. As he opens his mouth for the first time in the
gospel, Jesus proclaims to his mother that he must belong to the
Father and his plan with whatever it entails.
Jesus’ words appear in a pericope abounding in familial lan-
guage (2,41 oi` gonei/j auvtou/; 2,43 o` pai/j, oi` gonei/j auvtou/; 2,44
evn toi/j suggeneu/sin; 2,48 h` mh,thr auvtou/, te,knon, o` path,r sou;
2,51 h` mh,thr auvtou/). Behind these expressions is the dynamic of
intra-familial relations between Jesus and his parents. Jesus’ words
evn toi/j tou/ patro,j mou cannot be excised from this familial tex-
ture. Appearing in Jesus’ mouth in response to his mother’s re-
proach, the use of the word “father” in conjunction with a personal
pronoun (patro,j mou) is a conscious imitation, by way of contrast,
of the words o` path,r sou which Jesus’ mother used in the preced-
ing verse. While Mary alerts Jesus to the importance of his rela-
tionship to his parents, Jesus proclaims to her that another type of
filial allegiance holds the upper hand in his case, indeed is imposed
upon him with absolute necessity.
Jesus’ affirmation of his divine sonship in this last annunciation
deftly constructs a semantic and thematic arc to the first annuncia-
tion. The sonship predictions in 1,32 and 1,35 are echoed by Jesus’
own announcement in 2,49. Jesus’ words, Nolland observes, bring
“into sharp focus the relational content of the Son of God language
of 1:32,35” 46. Even though Mary was informed about the divine
sonship status of her child in the course of the first annunciation,
in the last annunciation Jesus himself proclaims to her the implica-
tions of this status — he must be evn toi/j tou/ patro,j mou. This
involvement takes precedence over other bonds.
In sum, an analysis of the announcements in Luke 1‒2 without
a discussion of 2,42-51 would be incomplete. The concluding
episode replicates the dynamic controlling the previous annuncia-
tions — a character appears with a declaration to Jesus’ mother.
The pericope sits comfortably among the annunciation scenes, for
it plainly climaxes in Jesus’ addressing his mother with a word
about himself. As God’s son, he must remain completely attached
to his Father and his plan. The textual factors favoring the inclusion
45
R.J. DILLON, From Eye-Witnesses to Ministers of the Word. Tradition
and Composition in Luke 24 (AnBib 82; Rome 1978) 24, n. 71.
46
NOLLAND, Luke, 132.