Patrick A. Tiller, «Reflexive Pronouns in the New Testament», Vol. 14 (2001) 43-63
The purpose of this study is to answer two basic
questions concerning reflexive and reciprocal pronouns in the New
Testament: (1) What are the syntactic constraints on reflexives, that
determine when they may be used? (2) What are the semantic constraints
that determine when in fact they are used? In answering the first question
the author considers both reflexives and reciprocals and discuss the whole
NT; for the second, the author attempts to suggest answers for third
person reflexives and based only on the Pauline Epistles commonly
recognized as authentic.
Patrick A. Tiller
54
2 Cor 11:5 Logizomai ga;r mhde;n uJsterhkevnai tw'n uJperlivan ajpostovlwn.
v
I-consider for nothing to-have-been-inferior to-the super apostles.
For I do not consider that I have been at all inferior to the
greatest apostles.
It is now necessary to define the rule for logophoric pronouns more
precisely. As the following examples show, the concept of logophors must
be defined rather narrowly. In the first place, not all complement infini-
tives are logophoric 16.
1 Th 4:9 peri; de; th`~ filadelfiva~ ouj creivan e]cete gravfein uJmi`n:
concerning but the brotherly-love not need you-have to-write to-you;
But concerning brotherly love, you have no need for anyone to
write to you.
Not even pronouns that are co-referent with the objects of logophoric
verbs or the subjects of verbs of hearing are logophoric.
21
Eph 4:21-22 ei] ge aujto;n hjkouvsate kai; ejn aujtw'/ ejdidavcqhte
If indeed him you-have-heard and in him you-were-taught ...
22
apoqesqai uJma`~ ... to;n palaio;n a]nqrwpon ...
j v
to-put-off you ... the old person ...
If indeed you have heard him and have been taught in him (for
you) to put off the old person
The meaning is not entirely clear, but it is clear that uJma`~ (‘you’) is the
subject of the infinitive and co-referent with subject of the matrix verb. If
the matrix verb had been a verb of saying or thinking (instead of a verb
of hearing), the pronoun would have been reflexive.
Secondly, logophoric verbs do not include verbs that indicate what is
in the mind of the subject as a potentiality. Verbs such as ‘hope for’, ‘ask
for’, and ‘command’ are not logophoric. In the next example the accu-
sative subject of the complement infinitive is a personal pronoun
although it is co-referent with the subject of the matrix verb of saying
or thinking.
Acts 25:21 tou` de; Pauvlou ejpikalesamevnou thrhqh`nai aujto;n eij~ th;n tou`
the but Paul having-appealed to-be-kept him for the of-the
Sebastou` diavgnwsin, ...
Emperor decision, ...
But when Paul had appealed to be kept for the Emperor’s deci-
sion ...
16
It is precisely at this point that Blass’s observations fail to adequately distinguish
between the use of personal and reflexive pronouns in infinitival clauses.