Paul Danove, «The Licensing Properties of New Testament Verbs of Non-Spoken Communication» filologia-neotestamentaria, Vol. 24 (2011) 41-58 page 48

Vol 24 (2011)

Paul Danove, «The Licensing Properties of New Testament Verbs of Non-Spoken Communication», Vol. 24 (2011) 41-58

This article resolves the semantic, syntactic, and lexical requirements for the grammatical use of the twenty-nine New Testament verbs that designate communication without a necessary reference to speaking. The discussion establishes criteria for distinguishing verbal usages, identifies four basic usages of non-spoken communication, and examines the conditions for the permissible omission of required complements. The presentation of the licensing properties of verbs with the four basic usages clarifies the similarities and dissimilarities in the realizations of complements for verbs of non-spoken and spoken communication and illustrates two further usages that are restricted to verbs of non-spoken communication. The concluding discussion considers patterns in the distribution of complements and usages among verbs of non-spoken communication.

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48 Paul Danove κατένευσαν τοῖϛ μετόχοις ἐν τῷ ἑτέρῳ πλοίῳ τοῦ ἐλθόντας συλλαβέσθαι αὐτοῖς (Luke 5,7) They signaled to their partners in the other boat that, coming, they join them in taking in [the nets]. δέδειχά σοι τοῦ εὑρεῖν σε τὴν ὁδόν ἐν ᾗ πορεύσῃ ἐν αὐτῇ (Isa 48,17) I have shown to you how you may find the path on which you should go. The V-i3 Content occurs with the N+dat Experiencer with six verbs (10):12 τίϛ ὑπέδειξεν ὑμῖν φυγεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς (Matt 3,7) Who showed / warned you to [you] flee from the coming wrath? παραγγέλλει τῷ ὄχλῳ ἀναπεσεῖν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (Mark 8,6) He ordered the crowd to [the crowd] sit on the ground. The τοῦ V-i3 Content, which occurs with the N+dat Experiencer with one verb (1), has no parallel among NT verbs of spoken communication but does appear with verbs of non-spoken communication in the LXX, as in the second example: … ἐπιστεῖλαι αὐτοῖς τοῦ ἀπέχεσθαι τῶν ἀλισγημάτων τῶν εἰδώλων καί τῆς πορνείας καὶ τοῦ πνικτοῦ καὶ τοῦ αἵματος (Acts 15,20) …to write to them to [them] abstain from the pollutions of idols and sexual immorality and choked things and blood. ἔγραψεν Ιωναθαν τοῦ μὴ περικαθῆσθαι (1 Macc 11,22) He wrote to Jonathan to [Jonathan] not lay siege. The remaining realization of the Content is the accusative case noun phrase (N+acc), which occurs with the N+dat, πρός (to) prepositional phrase with object accusative (P/πρός [+acc]), DNC, and INC Expe- riencer. The N+acc Content occurs with the N+dat and P/πρός [+acc] Experiencer with twelve verbs (90):13 12 AC/E, V-i3/N+dat: ἀπειλέω (1), Acts 4,17; γράφω (3), Acts 18,27; 1 Cor 5,9.11; δείκνυμι (1), Acts 10,28; νεύω (2), John 13,24; Acts 24,10; ὑποδείκνυμι (2), Matt 3,7; Luke 3,7; χρηματίζω (1), Luke 2,26. 13 AC/E, N+acc/N+dat: ἀποκαλύπτω (7), Matt 11,25; Luke 10,21; John 12,38; 1 Cor 14,30; Eph 3,5; Phil 3,15; 1 Pet 1,12; γνωρίζω (15), Luke 2,15; John 15,15; 17,26a; Acts 2,28; 1 Cor 15,1; 2 Cor 8,1; Gal 1,11; Eph 1,9; 3,3.5.10; 6,21; Col 4,7.9; 2 Pet 1,16; γράφω (17), Mark 10,5; Luke 1,3; 20,28; 1 Cor 14,37; 2 Cor 1,13; Gal 1,20; Phil 3,1; 1 Tim 3,14;