Simon J. Joseph, ««Seek His Kingdom»: Q 12,22b-31, God’s Providence, and Adamic Wisdom.», Vol. 92 (2011) 392-410
In Q 12,22b-31, a kingdom-saying functions as the climax to a sapiential collection, but it is not self-evident that this message is sapiential. Q 12,31 uses traditional wisdom structures and forms to advance what appears to be an «eschatological» message. In this study, I re-examine the nature of the wisdom in Q 12,22b-31 and argue that the theme of God’s providence can be understood in relation to eschatological ideals of the restoration of creation and a «Son of God»/Adamic christology.
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“SEEK HIS KINGDOMâ€
gories have become hermetically sealed compartments†15. We “fail
to see that in the world from which they have come to us, they were
related parts of an organic wholeâ€. The terms “wisdom†and “apoc-
alyptic†may be unavoidable, but these remain “flawed categoriesâ€.
The problem is not “in the texts, but in the categories and methods
that we have used to describe and interpret themâ€. We cannot easily
separate traditions and genres that belong together without creating
an ahistorical abstraction, i.e., an ideological construction. Q reflects
a movement comprised of both sapiential and eschatological be-
liefs 16, and while there is nothing especially controversial about
positing Q as an early collection of Jesus’ sayings redacted from the
perspective of a perceived rejection of the movement, this may have
very little bearing on when the text was composed or edited, where
it came from and how it relates to the historical Jesus.
The stratification of Q simply cannot easily support the weight of
radical re-descriptions of the social history of Q, the historical Jesus
or Christian origins, and so the deployment of the categories “wis-
dom†and “apocalyptic†to promote such attempts by constructing a
dichotomous relationship between the two must be approached with
due caution. Indeed, nowhere is this debate more problematic than
in exegetical approaches to the kingdom of God tradition.
II. The Kingdom in Q
The “kingdom (“reign†or “ruleâ€) of God†is a central theme of
Jesus’ ministry 17.
15
G.W.E. NICKELSBURG, “Wisdom and Apocalypticism in Early Judaism:
Some Points for Discussionâ€, Conflicted Boundaries in Wisdom and
Apocalypticism (SBL SS 35) (eds. B.G. WRIGHT III –L.M. WILLS) (Atlanta, GA
2005) 17-37, esp. 36-37.
16
M. SATO, “Wisdom Statements in the Sphere of Prophecyâ€, The Gospel
Behind the Gospels. Current Studies on Q (ed. R.A. PIPER) (NTSup 75; Leiden
1995) 139-158; C.E. CARLSTON, “Wisdom and Eschatology in Qâ€, Logia. Les
Paroles de Jésus. Memorial Joseph Coppens (ed. J. DELOBEL) (Leuven 1982)
101-119, esp. 116; EDWARDS, A Theology of Q, 78.148; J.S. KLOPPENBORG,
“Symbolic Eschatology and the Apocalypticism of Qâ€, HTR 80 (1987) 287-
306, esp. 291.
17
B. CHILTON (ed.), The Kingdom of God (Philadelphia, PA 1984); C.H.
DODD, The Parables of the Kingdom (New York 1961); R.H. HIERS, The