Laura Tack, «A Face Reflecting Glory. 2 Cor 3,18 in its Literary Context (2 Cor 3,1 – 4,15).», Vol. 96 (2015) 85-112
This contribution investigates the translation of the hapax legomenon katoptrizo/menoi in 2 Cor 3,18; in addition to philological and religionhistorical arguments, in particular the article takes into account the broader literary context (2 Corinthians 3–4). The main theme of that context, embodied proclamation, turns out to be an important justification of the translation “to reflect as a mirror”. Especially the link between 2 Cor 3,18 and the whole of 2 Corinthians 4, which describes Paul’s somatic identification with and manifestation of Christ, results in understanding 2 Cor 3,18 as describing the unveiled face that reflects the divine glory as a mirror.
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A FACE REFLECTING GLORY 103
parallel is indeed appropriate. Contextual arguments will be pro-
vided in a third and last section.
Second, for the interpretation of h`mei/j pa,ntej in relation to
katoptrizo,menoi it is important to keep in mind that throughout the
Pauline corpus there is always some kind of reciprocity involved or
aimed at in the relationship between Christ, his envoy Paul, and the
Christian community. In this regard, M. Hooker speaks of “inter-
change” between Christ, Paul and his community. Just as Paul is im-
itating Christ in his ministry, she says, the Christians are exhorted to
follow his example and to become like Christ as well, by living a
morally just life 64. It is the same as saying that the community itself
must work for its own salvation (cf. Phil 2,12), and it is precisely
Phil 2,12 that enlightens our understanding of the kind of reciprocity
that is asked from the Corinthian community. It is initiated by God,
as it is God who is at work amongst them (Phil 2,13), and it has to be
completed in the daily life of the community 65. All this shows that
the letters of Paul generally assign an active role to the community,
in co-operation with Paul, Christ and God.
This mutuality does not imply that the community is or will ever
be on the same level as Christ. The interaction of h`mei/j pa,ntej with
the divine do,xa in 2 Cor 3,18 is, after all, described as a gradual process
in which the community is never completely identified with Christ.
The community only reflects the do,xa indirectly as a mirror. T. Nick-
las reminds us of the subtle distinction that is introduced by the mirror
imagery: “Christus als Bild Gottes trägt Gottes Herrlichkeit an sich,
seine Anhänger wiederum reflektieren diese aufgrund ihrer Chris-
tusbeziehung wie ein Spiegel, lassen sie — unverhüllt und doch im
Ansatz — an sich selbst erkennen und werden in einem Transforma-
tionsprozess mehr und mehr zum Bild Gottes verwandelt” 66.
A further solution to both problems can be found by approaching
2 Cor 3,18 as a vital link in the whole of 2 Cor 2,14 – 4,15. After
all, 2 Cor 3,18 does not only elaborate the idea of the letter of re-
commendation that is so explicitly spelled out in 2 Cor 3,1-3, but
also introduces the main topic of 2 Corinthians 4. In other words,
2 Cor 3,18 is not only the climax of 2 Corinthians 3, as Wright in-
dicates, but it also looks ahead to the next chapter, 2 Corinthians 4.
64
M. HOOKER, “Interchange in Christ and Ethics”, JSNT 25 (1985) 3-17.
65
J. REUMANN, Philippians (New Haven, CT 2008) 408-411.
66
NICKLAS, “Herrlichkeit”, 256.