04_Parker_222_244_222-244 10/07/15 12:41 Pagina 241 241 IS THE SUBJECT OF tete,lestai IN JOHN 19,30 “IT” OR “ALL THINGS” ? 241 language describing the commencement of the “hour” (13,1), the onset of “all things” coming upon Jesus (18,4), and the completion of “all things” (19,28) is so similar that it suggests a linking of these concepts: eivdw.j o` VIhsou/j o[ti h=lqen auvtou/ h` w[ra (13,1) VIhsou/j ou=n eivdw.j pa,nta ta. evrco,mena evpV auvto,n (18,4) Meta. tou/to eivdw.j o` VIhsou/j o[ti h;dh pa,nta tete,lestai (19,28) One feature held in common by these verses is Jesus’ supernatural knowledge of events 61, a topic raised several times between 13,1 and 19,28 (13,1.3.11.19.21.31; 18,4; 19,28). Finally, just as Judas’ ap- pearance in the garden marks the arrival of the “hour” in the Synoptic Gospels (Mark 14,41; Matt 26,45-46), so his arrival coincides with the statement that Jesus knew “all things” were coming upon him in the Fourth Gospel (18,4). It appears, then, that the “hour” and the narrative that is bound by the parenthetical phrase “all things” (18,4; 19,28) are basically synonymous in time frame and content 62. The theme of the “cup” also shares a significant conceptual overlap with the “the hour” and “all things” since it symbolizes the suffering and death of Jesus, just as it does in the Synoptic Gospels (Matt 20,22; Mark 10,38). Although the “cup” is mentioned only once in John (18,11), several scholars have noted a possible later allusion to it when Jesus experienced thirst on the cross (19,28) 63. Perhaps the mentioning of the “cup” in proximity to the first oc- currence of “all things” in the Introductory Stanza (18,4) and the mentioning of Jesus’ thirst in proximity to the second occurrence of “all things” in the Concluding Stanza (19,28) are a further indi- cation of the synonymy of these ideas. The feast of the Passover also coincides with the time frame of the “hour” (John 13,1) 64 and “all things” because the passion nar- 61 SCHNACKENBURG, St. John III, 398-399, in commenting on John 13,1, remarks, “This direct ‘knowledge’ that Jesus has continues throughout the passion, from his arrest (18:4) until the last moment on the cross (19:28)”. 62 HUBBARD, “John 19:17-30”, 397, argues that “all things” must include “the hour.” 63 WITKAMP, “Jesus’ Thirst”, 502; SCHNACKENBURG, St. John III, 283; BROWN, John II, 930; R.A. WHITACRE, John (IVPNTCS 4; Downers Grove, IL 1999) 463. 64 MOLONEY, Gospel of John, 373.