Olegs Andrejevs, «Reexamining Q2: Son of God Christology in Q’s Redactional Layer.», Vol. 97 (2016) 62-78
This essay analyzes three important Christological texts in the reconstructed synoptic sayings source Q: 4,1-13 (the temptation legend), 6,20b-49 (the Q sermon) and 10,21-22 (the thanksgiving of Jesus). According to the current consensus in Q studies, these texts belong to three different compositional strata and reflect different theological concerns. I coordinate them in the document’s redactional layer (Q2), demonstrating their compatibility on literary-critical and traditionhistorical grounds. My hypothesis is that these texts provide the necessary Christological framework for Q2’s depiction of Jesus as the messianic Son of Man and Lord by stressing his identity as God’s unique Son.
reexAMINING Q2: SoN oF God CHrISToLoGy 65
several sapiential speeches, the largest of which was the Q sermon
6,20b-49. Indeed, the sermon was viewed as essentially programmatic
for the rest of Q1, an assessment which will be argued against here.
The succeeding main redactional stratum (designated Q2) presumably
brought apocalyptic coloring to the document, identifying Jesus with
the coming Son of Man and engaging the movement’s opposition
through various woes and judgment day rhetoric. Finally, in the sec-
ondary and smaller redactional stratum Q3, initially limited by Klop-
penborg to just 4,1-13, a shift toward biography was identified. per-
haps realizing that the said shift seemed curiously undeveloped by
the document’s authors, Kloppenborg subsequently recast Q3 as a pro-
nomian redaction by a nervous scribe 8.
While the conclusions reached in this essay depart from
Kloppenborg’s model on several occasions, they do not stem from a
different methodological approach. As the ensuing analysis will show,
the method employed in my investigation is largely identical to the one
in Formation of Q. Namely, I examine two individual Q units, 4,1-13
and 6,20b-49, for a compositional and tradition-historical compatibility
with Kloppenborg’s Q2. To do that, I demonstrate the manner in which
4,1-13 and 6,20b-49 reflect the Christology and Sitz im Leben of 10,21-
22 and of a number of other texts assigned to Q2. This essay therefore
builds on Kloppenborg’s research and compositional model 9. of course,
certain individual aspects of Kloppenborg’s work are inevitably
approached critically. The major changes proposed include the afore-
mentioned reevaluation of the compositional origin of 4,1-13 and 6,20b-
49, as well as a case against the existence of a separate Q3 stratum.
one caveat is necessary at this point. In my view, literary-critical
evidence strongly suggests that Q’s compositional layers were not
simply collections of sayings preserved by Christian scribes. on the
contrary, Q1 and Q2 exhibit cohesive theological agendas which appear
8
Kloppenborg’s Q1 consists of the following sapiential sub-collections: (1)
6,20b-49; (2) 9,57-62 + 10,2-11.16; (3) 11,2-4.9-13; (4) 12,2-7.11-12; (5) 12,22-
34; (6) 13,24; 14,26-27; 17,33; 14,34-35. Q2 consists of several major blocks of
material and smaller interpolations into the earlier Q1 sub-collections. The major
Q2 blocks are: 3,7-9.16-17; 7,1-10.18-28; (16,16); 7,31-35; 11,14-52; 12,39-59;
17,23-37; 19,12-17; 22,28-30. The smaller Q2 interpolations are: 6,23c (subse-
quently expanded by Kloppenborg to 6,22-23); 10,12-15.21-24; 12,8-9.10; 13,25-
30.34-35; 14,16-24. Q3 consists of (1) the Temptation Story 4,1-13; (2) two brief
“pro-nomian” glosses 11,42c; 16,17. KLoppeNBorG, Formation, 100-101, 102-
170, 171-245, 246-262; KLoppeNBorG VerBIN, Excavating Q, 152-153, 212-213.
9
Cf. KLoppeNBorG, Formation, 98-99.