Philippe Guillaume - Michael Schunck, «Job’s Intercession: Antidote to Divine Folly», Vol. 88 (2007) 457-472
This paper pinpoints how divine folly and human intercession mentioned in Job 42,8 are key concepts to unravel the meaning of the Book of Job. The Epilogue does not restore Job in his former position. Job is not healed but receives a new role as intercessor on behalf of his friends and by extension on behalf of everyone less perfect than he is. Understanding misfortune as the consequence of inescapable bouts of divine folly is the Joban way to account for humanity’s inability to comprehend the divinity.
468 Philippe Guillaume – Michael Schunck
Divine behaviour has wondrous aspects beyond human
comprehension (twalpn Job 42,3), but it also has a flip side which is as
incomprehensible but far more problematic. Divine folly stands for the
catastrophes that cannot and should not be explained. Ascribing a
certain amount of folly to YHWH is an admission of human ignorance
which preserves human innocence. At the same time, divine folly
stresses the urgent need for holocausts and for Job’s intercession while
dispensing from empty speculations as to their justification (44).
Job’s pre-emptive holocausts (45) demonstrated his blameless and
perfect nature (Job 1,1) but they were of no more avail against
misfortune. Hence, the value of the Epilogue’s holocausts has been
questioned (46). In fact, they are not in vain. They serve the narrator’s
return to pious normality. The four hours it takes to read through the
book’s hyperbolic language (47) and the alternation of short prose
pieces with long poems mark the Book of Job for some kind of
dramatic performance. Job is pitted against other actors, each playing
a well defined role and trying to assert his worth. The fact that the
entire process is a performance establishes a safe distance. What is said
does not necessarily reflect what the actor or the audience actually
think. Hyperbole is the name of the game, caricaturing the position of
the adversary is inevitable (48). The Epilogue’s holocausts cool things
down with a quick nod to approved forms of piety which clears
everyone of any taint of impiety in the eyes of the audience (49).
When everything is said and done, YHWH’s swallowing of Job
([lb Job 2,3) remains the consequence of the uttermost unreasonable
divine act named folly by the Epilogue (50). Readers are prone to miss
(44) Ezekiel 14, where Job is mentioned next to Noah, presents YHWH as
deceiving his own prophets: N.R. BOWEN, “Can God be Trusted? Confronting the
Deceptive Godâ€, A Feminist Companion to the Latter Prophets (ed. BRENNER),
354-365.
(45) Nowhere else in the Old Testament are pre-emptive holocausts offered on
a regular basis: A. BRENNER, “Job the Piousâ€, JSOT 43 (1989) 43.
(46) BRENNER, “Pious†45.
(47) CLINES, “Why?â€, 1-20.
(48) GEERAERTS, “Webâ€, 42: “… even Job himself, working himself in a
frenzy of rebellion in which he challenges God to a showdown, displays an
obsessive single-mindedness that would suit any of Molière’s comical
archetypesâ€.
(49) T. STORDALEN, “Dialogue and Dialogism in the Book of Jobâ€, SJOT 20
(2006) 34.
(50) The Book of Jonah picks up the theme of the swallowing flood and
mirrors Job exactly. The prophet’s apparent foolish attempt to escape from the