498 Csaba Balogh 7,23-25; 9,17 [cf. lka / va]; 10,17; 27,4; 29,6). The message of 5,24 is inverted in 33,11-12 (99). As for the date of vv. 2-3+5+7-12, this edition presupposes that the enemy has not yet fallen. The audience is a lamenting community, which looks forward to being delivered. The image of heroes and messengers wailing in the streets after being punished for a treaty broken with a foreign power, does not appear to be stereotypical, but it may reflect actual historical circumstances. Following the retaliatory campaign during Jehoiachin in 598, part of the elite and military personnel from Judah were deported to Babylon (2 Kgs 24,10-16). Whether it is this deportation which made the warriors of Jerusalem cry, or whether they were the warriors left by the Babylonians during the later siege of 587 (2 Kgs 25,19; 25,23; Jer 40,7; 41,3) (100), or the lament was composed during the siege, before the actual fall of the city to counsel those inside the walls (cf. 33,10-12), it is difficult to tell. It is probable, nevertheless, that the text originates from these difficult years of Judah. 3. Isa 33,6+13-24: The Second Expansion While the lamentation and oracle in Isa 33,1-5.7-12 is concerned with the oppression of Jerusalem and the punishment of its enemy, the second expansion, 33,6+13-24, changes the perspective to the glorious Zion and those planning to dwell there. Isa 33,6+13-24 is written as an expansion of the previous text, especially focused on the central v. 5(101). Isa 33,6, comparing YHWH to a fortification, reflects the theology of cultic poetry (102). The emphasis on the cultic role of Zion is also evident in 33,14-16, as mentioned. Furthermore, the description of Jerusalem in vv. 16.20-21 uses mythological language and is acquainted with the theology of the Zion psalms Ps 46; 48 and (99) For a similar reversion, see Isa 30,27.30.33, which apparently also builds on anti-Israel texts (cf. especially 30,30 with 28,2). (100) On the crying people, see also the mourners of Jer 41,5, probably wailing for the city Jerusalem. (101) BEUKEN, “Jesaja 33”, 16-17 recognised in v. 5-6 an allusion to Isa 11,1- 10. The problem with this opinion is that the motif of jwr, which is so central to Isa 11, plays no role in 33,5-6. It is also difficult to explain why 33,5-6 would have picked out only these lexemes from Isa 11, and left other similarly important ones (e.g., hnyb, hx[) unmentioned. (102) Cf. Isa 26,1 and note 36 above.