Hans Ausloos - Valérie Kabergs, «Paronomasia or Wordplay? A Babel-Like Confusion. Towards a Definition of Hebrew Wordplay», Vol. 93 (2012) 1-20
Against the general background of a terminological confusion that is present in contributions about Hebrew wordplay, the definition of the socalled paronomasia in relation to the term wordplay is especially debated. This article aims to clarify the concept of wordplay in the Hebrew Bible. After a survey of the current opinions in defining the terms «paronomasia» and «wordplay» (I), we propose our own definition of «Hebrew wordplay» (II). Thereafter, this description will simultaneously delimit the field of Hebrew wordplay as it excludes a few linguistic figures, although they are possibly classified as wordplay in other studies (III).
14 VALÉRIE KABERGS – HANS AUSLOOS
In a similar way, the similarity of sound patterns that is so character-
istic of paronomasia (in our definition), would also not manifest it-
self as a play if there were no differences in meaning between the
combined words. Thus, we hope it is clear that without the interaction
between sound and meaning, there would not be any ambiguity and
the wordplay would be absent.
III. Implications of the Proposed Definition
The definition of Hebrew wordplay as an ambiguous interaction
between both sound and meaning in a specific literary context, as
proposed above, has some implications. Since it is necessary to
have a play on meaning as well as on sound patterns for a certain
word combination to be called a “wordplay†according to our def-
inition, figures of word that do not show enough interaction be-
tween sound and meaning will be ruled out in this contribution (1).
Moreover, this encompassing definition of wordplay enables us to
include not only wordplay on common nouns and verbs, but also
the ambiguous play on proper nouns (2).
1. Linguistic Figures that do not Play on both Sound and Meaning
Studies on wordplay exhibit a great variety when discussing what
kind of linguistic figures could be categorized under the general de-
nomination of wordplay. According to our own definition of Hebrew
wordplay, linguistic figures that lack sufficient interaction between both
aspects of sound and meaning in the combined words cannot be called
“wordplayâ€. In scholarly literature one can recognize at least two cate-
gories that cannot, in our opinion, be considered types of wordplay.
The first category consists of those combined words that play on
identical or similar sound patterns without incorporating any differ-
ence in meaning. (1) Geminatio, epizeuxis and epanalepsis, terms that
are used to refer to the literal repetition of a word or combined words,
can be situated in this context 37. As an example of the repetition of a
37
Cf. VAN GORP – DELABASTITA – GHESQUIÈRE, Lexicon van literaire ter-
men, 145. Theoretically speaking, one uses the terms iteratio or palillogia to
refer to the repetition of an independent word, whereas the concepts repeti-
tio, epanalepsis or epizeuxis are used for the repetition of a word group. The