Juraj Feník - Róbert Lapko, «Annunciations to Mary in Luke 1–2», Vol. 96 (2015) 498-524
In addition to the scene conventionally known as "the Annunciation" (Luke 1,26-38), three other texts in the infancy narrative qualify to be classed as such. This article proposes an understanding of 2,8-20; 2,22- 35; 2,41-52 as annunciation pericopes by highlighting the fact that other characters, namely, the shepherds, Simeon, and Jesus function as messengers communicating to Mary further information about her son. It identifies the messenger, the act of speaking, the message, and the reference to Jesus' mother in each of the four scenes. Luke's infancy narrative, so the argument runs, contains four annunciation scenes in which a progressive revelation about Jesus addressed to his mother takes place.
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503 ANNUNCIATIONS TO MARY IN LUKE 1–2 503
gintal nuance of Hebrew dābār, ʻword, matter, thingʼ” 9, a suggestion
with a good degree of probability can be advanced in view of the
immediate literary context that this noun in Gabriel’s mouth is co-
referential with his announcement to Zechariah in 1,13-17 and to
Mary in 1,31-33.35. On this reading, the angel claims that no mes-
sage (pa/n r`h/ma) originating from God — however surprising its
contents may sound to its recipient — will be powerless. A message
about the gift of a son has already been transmitted to the elderly
priest wed to a barren wife. Elizabeth’s subsequent conception and
giving birth provide sufficient proof of the efficacy of the angel’s
words. Another message about the birth of a son has just been given
to a virgin — and neither will this annunciation be ineffective. This
understanding of the noun r`h/ma and the whole sentence in which
it appears has the advantage of suggesting a convergence of mean-
ing between its use in 1,37 and 1,38. Taken this way, the word r`hm/ a
on Gabriel’s lips (1,37) and in Mary’s reply (1,38) refers to the di-
vine announcement, and thus the two sentences, as Jung suggests,
“form a pair” 10. In Mary’s reply the foregoing sentences (1,30b-
33.35-37) making up the message are unambiguously identified as
the angel’s words (to. r`h/ma, sou), underscoring the act of speaking
on the part of the angel. Mary’s words expressing her concurrence
intimate that she has understood the content of his message. The
qualification of the angel’s r`h/ma with the personal pronoun sou
functioning as a possessive identifies the announcement as the
angel’s own speech and so produces an echo to a similar assessment
of the angel’s words in 1,5-25. In 1,38 Mary evaluates the angel’s
message as to. r`h/ma, sou (definite noun + possessive pronoun);
this creates a match with the angel’s own words to Zechariah in
1,20, where he chides him for not believing toi/j lo,goij mou (def-
inite noun + possessive pronoun).
The foregoing analysis would not be complete without glancing
briefly at another text in which the aspect under discussion receives
yet another explicit formulation. In 1,39-56 Luke reports Mary’s
visit to Elizabeth, a pericope immediately following the annuncia-
tion and crafted for the most part as a verbal exchange between the
9
FITZMYER, Luke, 352.
10
C.-WAM. JUNG, The Original Language of the Lukan Infancy Narrative
(LNTS 267; New York 2004) 120.