Reflexive Pronouns in New Testament 45 Moulton agrees that «These statistics suffice to show that auJt. was very near extinction before A.D.» But he also insists that «Against Blass’s denial, we must leave room for the possibility of very occasional retention of the dissyllabic form 5.» There are two points of view from which one must consider the syntax of reflexives: the syntax of the antecedent or trigger and the syntax of the reflexive itself. The trigger is the NP that is co-referent with the reflexive and «triggers» the pronoun to be a reflexive rather than the simple person- al pronoun. By the syntax of the trigger, I mean the syntactic and seman- tic relation of the trigger to the reflexive. By the syntax of the reflexive, I mean the syntactic and semantic relation of the reflexive to the trigger. The Syntax of the Trigger There are two kinds of reflexives, depending on whether the trigger is in the same clause as the reflexive or in a «higher» clause which governs the reflexive’s clause. In the first case, the reflexive is said to be a «direct reflexive» and in the second, an «indirect reflexive.» According to Smyth, «The reflexive pronouns are used directly when they refer to the chief word (usually the subject) of the sentence or clause in which they stand.» And «The reflexive pronouns are used indirectly when, in a dependent clause, they refer to the subject of the main clause 6.» Unfortunately, the matter is not quite as simple as that. Turner seems to define a direct reflexive as «a direct complement of the verb … refer- ring back to the subject, …» and an indirect reflexive as «the use of the reflexive pronoun where there is little or no dependence on the verb, because of the intervention of a noun or a phrase 7…» As his examples make clear, he means that an indirect reflexive is one that is governed by a NP which is in turn governed by the VP. Turner has made a useful dis- tinction but he has confused the issue by using terminology that is nor- mally used for something else altogether. Robertson does not define the indirect reflexive but his examples show that he understands it much like Smyth. All of his examples (except one) are pronouns occurring in an infinitive clause and referring to the subject of the main clause 8. The exception is: 5 James Hope Moulton and Wilbert Francis Howard, A Grammar of New Testament Greek, vol. 2, Accidence and Word-Formation (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1929) 181. 6 Herbert Weir Smyth, Greek Grammar (revised by Gordon M. Messing; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1920, 1956) 304. 7 Nigel Turner, A Grammar of New Testament Greek by James Hope Moulton, vol. 3, Syntax (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1963) 41, 43 8 Archibald Thomas Robertson, A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research (4th ed.; New York: Hodder & Stoughton, 1914, 1923) 688