32 Paul Danove tra. act. They brought to him all those being sick (Matt 14,35) προσήνεγκαν αὐτῷ πάντας τοὺς κακῶς ἔχοντας mot. act. The sailors suspected that some land was approaching them (Acts 27,27) ὑπενόουν οἱ ναῦται προσάγειν τινὰ αὐτοῖς χώραν In Matt 14,35, the verb has three complements, which function as an Agent (they), a Theme (all those being sick), and a Goal (him), and so designates transference. In Acts 27,27, the verb has only two comple- ments, which function as a Theme (some land) and a Goal (them), and so designates motion. The situation is more complex when a verb that has an active usage of transference appears with passive forms and the verb realizes only two complements, a subject and either a Source or a Goal. Such occurrences always admit to interpretation with the passivized form of an active usage of transference because passivization in both Greek and English permits the Agent complement of a passivized verb to remain unrealized even if it has no retrievable definite referent. In Greek, however, the passive occurrence is restricted to the interpretation of the passivized form of an active usage of transference only if the unrealized Agent has a retrievable definite referent, as illustrated in the following passive occurrences of δίδωμι (give):8 tra. act. But, if any of you lack wisdom, let him ask from the God giving to all generously and not reproaching; and it will be given to him (Jas 1,5) Εἰ δέ τις ὑμῶν λείπεται σοφίας, αἰτείτω παρὰ τοῦ διδόντος θεοῦ πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς καὶ μὴ ὀνειδίζοντος καὶ δοθήσεται αὐτῷ tra. act. For I say by the grace given to me… (Rom 12,3) Λέγω γὰρ διὰ τῆς χάριτος τῆς δοθείσης μοι … These occurrences must be interpreted exclusively with the passivized form of an active usage of transference with an Agent that has a definite referent: in Jas 1,5, the previous context identifies God as the Agent who gives; and in Rom 12,3, Paul assumes that his Christian interpreters will supply God as the definite referent that gives grace. An interpretation exclusively with the passivized form of an active usage of transfer- 8 ence also is required whenever the verb’s Agent complement is realized, as in “hoping that wealth would be given to him by Paul” (ἐλπίζων ὅτι χρήματα δοθήσεται αὐτῷ ὑπὸ τοῦ Παύλου, Acts 24,26).