04_Parker_222_244_222-244 10/07/15 12:41 Pagina 222 Is the Subject of tete,lestai in John 19,30 “It” or “All Things” ? The traditional translation of Jesus’ last words from the cross in John’s Gospel is “It is finished” (tete,lestai) 1. However, some translators 2 and commentators 3 contend that the subject “all things” (pa,nta) should be supplied from John 19,28 so that the sense of John 19,30 should be “all things are finished”. Although a few scholars have held the latter position, to date there has been 1 The translation “it” is the most commonly suggested subject of tete,lestai in English Bibles (e.g., TCB, 1535; PNT, 1595; GNV, 1599; KJV, 1611; NKJV, 1982; NJB, 1985; NRSV, 1989; NLT, 1996; ESV, 2001; ERV, 2006; NABRE, 2010; NIV, 2011). This translation also appears in most of the ancient versions (e.g., Vulgate and Peshitta) and in many Bibles in Italian (e.g., Martini 1771; LND 1991; NR 1994, 2006; CEI 2008), Spanish (e.g., RV 1960, 1977, 1995; LBLA 1997), French (e.g., FBJ 1973), and German (e.g., LUT 1545; SCH 1951; SCL 2000; EIN 1980). 2 The translation “all” is attested in the Diatessaron and derivative litera- ture; see T. BAARDA, Early Transmission of the Words of Jesus. Thomas, Ta- tian, and the Text of the New Testament (Amsterdam 1983) 69-72. This rendering is also attested in one Latin text (manuscript n of St. Gall) and in several Bibles in French (e.g., La Bible de Genève, 1669; La Bible Martin, 1744; Sainte Bible contenant l’Ancien et le Nouveau Testament, 1759; LSG, 1910; TOB, 1975-76; NEG, 1979; BDS, 1992, 1999; FRC, 1997), Italian (e.g., GDB, 1649; CEI, 1974; BDG, 2006), Spanish (e.g., PER, 1993; DHH, 1996; NVI, 1999; NVI, 2005; BLP, 2010; BLPH, 2010; NTV, 2010; PDT, 2012), German (e.g., GNB, 1982), and English (e.g., BBE, 1941; TCNT, 1904, and OEB that is based upon it). 3 A. PLUMMER, Gospel According to St John (CGTSC; Cambridge, MA 1905), 331; J.H. BERNARD, St. John (ICC; New York 1929) II, 639; X. LÉON- DUFOUR, Life and Death in the New Testament. The Teaching of Jesus and Paul (San Francisco, CA 1986) 133; J. GNILKA, Johannesevangelium (Würzburg 1983) 145. This view appears to be supported as well by J.A. BENGEL, Gnomon of the New Testament (Philadelphia, PA 1860) II, 483. This view is also taken by Gennadius Scholarius (c. 1400 - c.1473 CE) who summarized Jesus’ last words from the cross as Le,gei toi,nun ou[tw pro.j to.n qeo,n· qee, mou, qee, mou, pa,nta peplh,rwtai h;dh to. evkpneu/sai mo,non loipo,n evstin; Responsiones aliquarum quaestionum in scripturam sacram 1.113, M. JUGIE – L. PETIT – X.A. SIDERIDES (eds.), Œuvres complètes de Georges (Gennadios) Scholarios (Paris 1930) 317. BIBLICA 96.2 (2015) 222-244