Philippe Guillaume - Michael Schunck, «Job’s Intercession: Antidote to Divine Folly», Vol. 88 (2007) 457-472
This paper pinpoints how divine folly and human intercession mentioned in Job 42,8 are key concepts to unravel the meaning of the Book of Job. The Epilogue does not restore Job in his former position. Job is not healed but receives a new role as intercessor on behalf of his friends and by extension on behalf of everyone less perfect than he is. Understanding misfortune as the consequence of inescapable bouts of divine folly is the Joban way to account for humanity’s inability to comprehend the divinity.
Job’s Intercession: Antidote to Divine Folly 459
usually males enjoying a desirable social position. But when
foolishness (hlbn) (re) appears in the divine mouth as the description of
a potential divine action, translators get fidgety. According to Origen,
at first the LXX did not translate the difficult Hebrew phrase
hlbn…wynpAµa yk (Job 42,8ba) (7). Later editions of the LXX compensate
this lacuna with a text that remains shorter than the Hebrew. The
sensitive expression hlbn µkm[ twç[ ytlbl “lest to do with you folly†is
condensed into ajpwvlesa a[n uJma'" “I would have destroyed youâ€(8), a
perfect case of lectio facilior dodging the mention of folly. Most Bible
translations transfer the foolishness directly to the friends: “I will
accept his prayer not to deal with you according to your follyâ€
(NRSV)(9). This praiseworthy device shields the audience from the
brunt of a tough verse since the other occurrences of the expression
‘commit a folly’ (hlbn hç[) do not mitigate the gravity of the action
YHWH says he was about to do to Job’s friends. Whether it refers to
the rape of Dinah (Gen 34,7), premarital sex (Deut 22,21), stealing
devoted things (Josh 7,15), gang rape (Judg 19,23; 20,6), sister rape (2
Sam 13,12), or adultery with a neighbour’s wife (Jer 29,23), every case
involves outrageous acts. Attributing the folly in question to the
friends avoids the suggestion that God may be potentially capable of
such acts, but remains a clear case of translation betrayal. Aware of the
problem, some exegetes play down foolishness (10), and the narrator
has made it easy for readers to brush aside the import of this single
occurrence in the Hebrew Scriptures where God is said to be the one
doing nebalah since it is only mentioned as a potential (11). Hence,
exegetes marvel at the nekonah of Job’s speech but are oblivious to the
nebalah of YHWH’s potential deed five words earlier. In a book
(7) M. GOREA, Job repensé ou trahi? (Paris 2007) 220; P.J. GENTRY, The
Asterisked Materials in the Greek Job (Atlanta 1995) 529.
(8) NETS: A New English Translation of the Septuagint, ©2004 by the
International Organisation for the Septuagint and Cognate studies Inc. Used by
permission of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
(9) R. GORDIS, The Book of Job (New York 1978) 495: “to exhibit you as µylbn
senseless, foolish ie to expose you to disgraceâ€.
(10) D.J. O’CONNOR, “The Cunning Handâ€, ITQ 57 (1991) 21 and M. POPE,
Job (AB 15; New York 1965) 288: “Let my servant Job intercede for you;
because I will accept him so that I deal not rashly with youâ€. N.C. HABEL, The
Book of Job (London 1985) 575: “I will show favour and not shame youâ€. N.H.
TUR-SINAI, The Book of Job (Jerusalem 1957) 580 rejects the emendation of hlbn
into hlk but renders µ[ hlbn hç[ as “to do ill toâ€.
(11) S.E. BALENTINE, Job (Macon, GA 2006) 713.