Bernardo Estrada, «The Last Beatitude. Joy in Suffering.», Vol. 91 (2010) 187-209
The motive of joy in suffering for Jesus' sake, makes the last beatitude in Matt 5,11-12 and Luke 6,22-23 different from the former blessings. The persecution form present in this beatitude seems to be an authentic saying of Jesus, subsequently widespread in NT literature. Such a motive, in fact, does not appear in Judaism and in intertestamental or in apocryphal literature. The First Letter of Peter is instead a special witness of 'joy in suffering'.
198 BERNARDO ESTRADA
look for the decline of your enemies? Prepare your souls for that
which is kept for you and make ready your souls for the reward
which is preserved for you†61.
This is the key passage in Nauck’s theory about the “joy in
suffering †pattern in Judaism 62. Even though it contains three
elements (C, B, D), the translation is not at all correct. The verb
çebaw in Syriac text would be rather translated as “be pleased
with â€, “be satisfied with†instead of rejoicing. If the author had
wanted to mean that, says Dupont, he would have employed the
specific Syriac verb hedî, “to rejoice†63.
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2 Baruch 54, 16-18
“ The one who believes will receive reward. But now, turn yourselves
to destruction, for unrighteous ones who are living now, for you will
be visited suddenly since you have once rejected the intelligence of
the Most High†64.
The last text quoted by Nauck beckons to future reward but
scarcely mentions suffering, which perhaps can be deduced from
faith, able to bear every kind of toil 65. The elements are B, D.
Another passages from IL to be considered is 1 Enoch 108, 10:
“ He has caused them to be recompensed, for they were all found
loving God more than the fire of their eternal souls, and while they
were being trodden upon by evil people, experienced abuse and
insult by them, they continued blessing us†66. The blessed will be
rewarded because they preferred to love God instead of worldliness,
in spite of the abuse which evil people caused them. And instead of
vindicating themselves they kept on blessing the offenders. Three
elements of the pattern are present (A, D, B) but it is precisely the
invitation to rejoice in the midst of tribulations that is missing.
Cf. KLIJN, 2 Baruch, 639.
61
Cf. NAUCK, Freude, 75.
62
Cf. DUPONT, Béatitudes II, 344. And even NAUCK, Freude, 75, n. 42,
63
admits that he had not expected in this passage the verb çebaw.
KLIJN, 2 Baruch, 640.
64
The four elements of the pattern would not be only in this text, but in the
65
two former texts of Baruch taken together, according to the arrangement made
by Charles: A in Bar 48,49; B in 48,50; C in 52,6; D in 52,7: Cf. NAUCK,
Freude, 76.
Text : E. ISAAC, “1 (Ethiopic) Enochâ€, The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha
66
I, 88-89.