486 Csaba Balogh YHWH’s judgment in Zion, the core of the lament (43), is followed by an oracular utterance in vv. 10-12. Vv. 10-12 and 5.7-9 belong to the same literary level. First, the dwelling of YHWH in the high (v. 5) and his arising to take action (v. 10) are also connected in Isa 18,4-5. Furthermore, the fact that this action is to take place immediately (ht[) suggests that we are again (as in v. 5) beyond the time scale of Isa 33,1, the completion of destruction. Finally, the 2nd pers. pl. in v. 11 is only understandable in the present context. Insofar as the prophecy is supposed to answer the events described in 33,5.7-9, it addresses the foreign nations proclaiming them destruction (cf. Isa 37,22-29). It is remarkable though that even this layer in the prophecy presupposes the existence of the enemy. We may conclude thus far that Isa 33,5.7-12 is an elaboration on the earlier text 33,1.4. While in v. 1 YHWH’s plan has not yet been accomplished, vv. 5.7-9 already presuppose that the enemy has fulfilled its task assigned to it by God. The prayer in vv. 2-3 is also secondary to 33,1.4. There are some clues that vv. 2-3 and 5.7-12 belong to the same literary level. These verses have the form of a communal lament evoked by the experienced calamities, as well as by the promise uttered in the earlier prophecy of 33,1.4 regarding the timely destruction of the enemy. The structure prayer of deliverance / description of the situation / oracular answer to the prayer is attested and Akk. adû / adiu, ‘[treaty-]oath’). This is not only suggested by the parallelism with tyrb (cf. also Gen 31,44), but also by the syntagmatic relationship with sam, which is often used in connection with synonyms of d[ (cf. Lev 26,15.43; 2 Kgs 17,15; Isa 5,24; Jer 6,19; Ezek 5,6; 20,13.16.24; 2,4). sam appears with Jerusalem in 2 Kgs 23,27 (with YHWH as subject; cf. also Jer 14,19), but the pl. of μyr[ would sound strange in Isa 33,7. vwna is probably a cognate of Ugaritic ’un- and t Akkadian unuππu, which means ‘tax’ or ‘tribute’ (cf. also 1 Kgs 10,15). Cf. D.R. HILLERS, “A Hebrew Cognate of unuππu / ’unt in Isa 33, 8”, HTR 64 (1971) 257- - 259; A.F. RAINEY, “Observations on Ugaritic Grammar”, UF 3 (1971) 169; G. DEL OLMO LETE – J. SANMARTÍN, Diccionario de la lengua ugarítica (Aula Orientalis Supplementa 7; Barcelona 1996) I, 41-42. If Isa 24,5 indeed alludes to 33,8 (W.A.M. BEUKEN, Isaiah 28-39 [HCOT; Kampen 2000] 261-262; see note 95 below), this may again confirm that tyrb has two further synonyms in 33,8. Isa 33,8 Isa 24,5 tyrb rph trwt wrb[Ayk *μyd[ sam qj wplj vwna bvj al μlw[ tyrb wrph (43) For vv. 7-9, cf. also H.G.M. WILLIAMSON, The Book Called Isaiah. Deutero-Isaiah’s Role in Composition and Redaction (Oxford 1994) 223.